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熱軋無縫鋼管與冷拔無縫鋼管是什么?有什么特點?
2021-12-15

  熱軋無縫鋼管與冷拔無縫鋼管是什么?有什么特點?這些知識對于我們來講,需要深入了解。今天無縫鋼管廠就來給(gei)大(da)家分(fen)享一下。

  一、熱軋無縫鋼管與冷拔無縫鋼管是什么?

  熱軋(擠壓無縫鋼管):

  圓管(guan)(guan)(guan)坯→加熱(re)(re)(re)→穿孔→三輥斜軋(ya)(ya)、連軋(ya)(ya)或(huo)擠壓→脫管(guan)(guan)(guan)→定(ding)徑(jing)(或(huo)減(jian)徑(jing))→冷(leng)(leng)卻→矯(jiao)直→水壓試驗(或(huo)探傷)→標記→入庫 無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)是用鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)錠或(huo)實心管(guan)(guan)(guan)坯經(jing)(jing)穿孔制成毛管(guan)(guan)(guan),然后經(jing)(jing)熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)、冷(leng)(leng)軋(ya)(ya)或(huo)冷(leng)(leng)撥制成。無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的規格用外徑(jing)*壁厚(hou)毫米數(shu)表(biao)示。無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)分(fen)熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)和冷(leng)(leng)軋(ya)(ya)(撥)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)兩類。 熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)分(fen)一般鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan),低、中(zhong)壓鍋(guo)爐鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan),高壓鍋(guo)爐鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、合金(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、石油裂(lie)化管(guan)(guan)(guan)、地質鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和其它鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等。冷(leng)(leng)軋(ya)(ya)(撥)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)除(chu)分(fen)一般鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、低中(zhong)壓鍋(guo)爐鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、高壓鍋(guo)爐鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、合金(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、石油裂(lie)化管(guan)(guan)(guan)、其它鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)外,還(huan)包括碳素薄(bo)(bo)壁鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、合金(jin)薄(bo)(bo)壁鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)薄(bo)(bo)壁鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、異型鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)。熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)外徑(jing)一般大于32mm,壁厚(hou)2.5-75mm,冷(leng)(leng)軋(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)處(chu)徑(jing)可(ke)以到(dao)6mm,壁厚(hou)可(ke)到(dao)0.25mm,薄(bo)(bo)壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)外徑(jing)可(ke)到(dao)5mm壁厚(hou)小于0.25mm,冷(leng)(leng)軋(ya)(ya)比熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)尺寸精度(du)高。

  一般(ban)用(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)是用(yong)(yong)10、20、30、35、45等(deng)優質碳結(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)16Mn、5MnV等(deng)低(di)合金結(jie)構(gou)鋼(gang)(gang)或40Cr、30CrMnSi、45Mn2、40MnB等(deng)合結(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)熱(re)軋或冷軋制成(cheng)的。10、20等(deng)低(di)碳鋼(gang)(gang)制造的無縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)主(zhu)要用(yong)(yong)于(yu)流體輸送管(guan)(guan)道。45、40Cr等(deng)中碳鋼(gang)(gang)制成(cheng)的無縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)用(yong)(yong)來制造機械零(ling)件,如汽(qi)車、拖拉機的受力零(ling)件。一般(ban)用(yong)(yong)無縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)要保證強度和壓(ya)扁試驗。熱(re)軋鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)以(yi)熱(re)軋狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)或熱(re)處理(li)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)交(jiao)貨;冷軋以(yi)熱(re)以(yi)熱(re)處理(li)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)態(tai)交(jiao)貨。

  熱軋(ya),顧名思義,軋(ya)件的溫(wen)度(du)(du)高,因此變(bian)形(xing)抗力(li)小,可以(yi)實現大的變(bian)形(xing)量。以(yi)鋼(gang)板的軋(ya)制(zhi)為例,一般連鑄坯厚(hou)度(du)(du)在(zai)230mm左(zuo)右,而經(jing)過粗(cu)軋(ya)和精軋(ya),最終(zhong)厚(hou)度(du)(du)為1~20mm。同時,由于鋼(gang)板的寬厚(hou)比小,尺寸精度(du)(du)要求相對低,不容易出現板形(xing)問題,以(yi)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)凸度(du)(du)為主。對于組織有要求的,一般通過控(kong)(kong)軋(ya)控(kong)(kong)冷來(lai)實現,即控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)精軋(ya)的開軋(ya)溫(wen)度(du)(du)、終(zhong)軋(ya)溫(wen)度(du)(du)

  冷拔(軋)無縫鋼管:

  圓管坯→加熱→穿(chuan)孔→打頭→退火(huo)→酸洗→涂油(鍍銅)→多道次冷拔(冷軋)→坯管→熱處理→矯直→水壓(ya)試驗(yan)(探傷)→標記→入庫(ku)

  二、熱軋無縫鋼管與冷拔精密鋼管的特點

  熱軋無縫鋼管的特點:

  熱(re)(re)軋是(shi)(shi)相對于冷(leng)軋而言(yan)的,冷(leng)軋是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)再(zai)(zai)結晶溫度(du)以(yi)下(xia)進行的軋制,而熱(re)(re)軋就(jiu)是(shi)(shi)在(zai)(zai)(zai)再(zai)(zai)結晶溫度(du)以(yi)上進行的軋制。熱(re)(re)軋能(neng)夠(gou)損壞鋼錠的鍛造安排,細化鋼材(cai)的晶粒(li),并消除顯(xian)微安排的缺(que)點,從而使(shi)鋼材(cai)安排密實,力學(xue)性能(neng)得(de)到改(gai)進。這種改(gai)進主要體現在(zai)(zai)(zai)沿軋制方向上,從而使(shi)鋼材(cai)在(zai)(zai)(zai)必定(ding)程度(du)上不再(zai)(zai)是(shi)(shi)各向同性體;澆注時構成的氣(qi)泡、裂紋和疏(shu)松,也(ye)可在(zai)(zai)(zai)高溫文壓力效果下(xia)被焊合(he)。

  熱軋無縫鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)分(fen)一(yi)般鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan),低、中壓(ya)鍋爐鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan),高壓(ya)鍋爐鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、合金(jin)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、不銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、石油裂化管(guan)(guan)(guan)、地(di)質鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)其它鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)。

  冷拔精密鋼管的特點 :

  1.外徑(jing)更小(xiao)。

  2.精(jing)度高可做小批量生

  3.冷拔成(cheng)品精度(du)高,表面質(zhi)量(liang)好。

  4.鋼管橫(heng)面積更復(fu)雜(za)。

  5.鋼管性(xing)能更優越,金屬(shu)比較密。

  熱軋精密鋼管后的區別 :

  熱軋精(jing)密鋼(gang)(gang)管用連(lian)鑄圓管坯(pi)板(ban)坯(pi)或初(chu)軋板(ban)坯(pi)作原(yuan)料,經(jing)步進(jin)式加熱爐加熱,高壓水除鱗后(hou)(hou)進(jin)入粗軋機(ji),粗軋料經(jing)切(qie)(qie)頭(tou)、尾、再(zai)進(jin)入精(jing)軋機(ji),實施(shi)計(ji)算(suan)機(ji)控制軋制,終軋后(hou)(hou)即(ji)經(jing)過層(ceng)流(liu)冷(leng)卻和(he)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)取(qu)機(ji)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)取(qu)、成為(wei)直發卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)。直發卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)的頭(tou)、尾往(wang)往(wang)呈舌狀及魚尾狀,厚度、寬度精(jing)度較差,邊部常存在浪形(xing)、折邊、塔形(xing)等缺陷。其(qi)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)重(zhong)較重(zhong)、鋼(gang)(gang)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)內徑為(wei)760mm。將直發卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)經(jing)切(qie)(qie)頭(tou)、切(qie)(qie)尾、切(qie)(qie)邊及多道次的矯直、平(ping)整等精(jing)整線處理(li)后(hou)(hou),再(zai)切(qie)(qie)板(ban)或重(zhong)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan),即(ji)成為(wei):熱軋鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)、平(ping)整熱軋鋼(gang)(gang)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)、縱(zong)切(qie)(qie)帶等產品。熱軋精(jing)整卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)若經(jing)酸洗去除氧化皮并涂(tu)油后(hou)(hou)即(ji)成熱軋酸洗板(ban)卷(juan)(juan)(juan)(juan)。

  三、熱軋無縫鋼管每米重量表

 

  厚(毫米) 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5
徑(毫米)     (公斤/米)                    
32 1.82 2.15 2.46 2.76 3.05 3.33 3.59 3.85 4.09 4.32 4.53
38 2.19 2.59 2.98 3.35 3.72 4.07 4.41 4.74 5.05 5.35 5.64
42 2.44 2.89 3.35 3.75 4.16 4.56 4.95 5.33 5.69 6.04 6.38
45 2.62 3.11 3.58 4.04 4.49 4.93 5.36 5.77 6.17 6.56 6.94
50 2.93 3.48 4.01 4.54 5.05 5.55 6.04 6.51 6.97 7.42 7.86
54 - 3.77 4.36 4.93 5.49 6.04 6.58 7.1 7.61 8.11 8.6
57 - 4 4.62 5.23 5.83 6.41 6.99 7.55 8.1 8.63 9.16
60 - 4.22 4.88 5.52 6.16 6.78 7.39 7.99 8.58 9.15 9.71
63.5 - 4.48 5.18 5.87 6.55 7.21 7.87 8.51 9.14 9.75 10.36
68 - 4.81 5.57 6.31 7.05 7.77 8.48 9.17 9.86 10.53 11.19
70 - 4.96 5.74 6.51 7.27 8.01 8.75 9.47 10.18 10.88 11.56
73 - 5.18 6 6.81 7.6 8.38 9.16 9.91 10.66 11.39 12.11
76 - 5.4 6.26 7.1 7.93 8.75 9.56 10.36 11.14 11.91 12.67
83 - - 6.86 7.79 8.71 9.62 10.51 11.39 12.26 13.12 13.96
89 - - 7.38 8.38 9.38 10.36 11.33 12.28 13.22 14.16 15.07
95 - - 7.9 8.98 10.04 11.1 12.14 13.17 14.19 15.19 16.18
102 - - 8.5 9.67 10.82 11.96 13.09 14.21 15.31 16.4 17.48
108 - - - 10.26 11.49 12.7 13.9 15.09 16.27 17.44 18.59
114 - - - 10.85 12.15 13.44 14.72 15.98 17.23 18.47 19.7

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